CRISPR CAS TECHNOLOGY
CRISPR-Cas is a groundbreaking technology that enables precise editing of DNA in various organisms. CRISPR: Stands for Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats. It’s a natural defense mechanism found in bacteria that protects them from viruses. Cas (CRISPR-associated proteins): These proteins, like Cas9, are crucial for the editing process, acting as molecular scissors to cut DNA. PRINCIPLE: Guide RNA (gRNA): A short RNA sequence that matches the target DNA sequence. It directs the Cas protein to the precise location in the genome. DNA Cutting: Once the gRNA binds to the target DNA, the Cas protein cuts the DNA at that specific site. DNA Repair: The cell's natural repair mechanisms can then fix the break, which can be harnessed to insert or delete specific sequences. APPLICATIONS: Gene Editing: Allows scientists to alter genes in organisms for research, agriculture, and medicine. Therapeutics: Potential for treating genetic disorders by correcting f...