Diabetes Mellitus

 Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition or a disease that affects the body’s ability to use the energy found in food. It is referred to as Diabetes. It is the condition where the pancreas gland does not generate enough insulin required by the body to regulate glucose metabolism.

The two classes of Diabetes Mellitus

  • Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus – It is one of the Diabetes where the pancreases fails to produce enough insulin in the body. It is called insulin-dependent diabetes.  This process involves injecting insulin through the skin.
  • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus – Also called insulin-independent diabetes, this type of diabetes is a condition where the pancreas produces some insulin in the body. But the produced insulin is not sufficient as per the body’s requirements, and the cells are resistant to it. This condition is called Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

    Main symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus

    The common symptoms of Diabetes Mellitus are given below-
    The above diagram shows the areas affected and the symptoms of Diabetes. The main common symptoms associated with Diabetes are below-

    • Increased thirst
    • Weight loss
    • Increased urination
    • Hunger due to starvation of cells
    • Fatigue
    • Slow healing of wounds
    • Yeast infections
    • Tingling sensation in the feet or the toes

    Complications of Diabetes Mellitus

    The smallest blood vessels of the body are damaged due to the production of high blood sugar levels. This, in turn, leads to a decrease in the blood flow level in the body resulting in the death of tissues. This condition also affects the other parts of the body such as the heart, kidneys, nervous system etc. Hence it has a large effect on the immune system of the body by completely damaging it.


Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes Mellitus

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

Kidney function tests

Image
  Kidney function tests  Kidney function tests are essential for assessing how well your kidneys are working.  1. Blood Tests: Serum Creatinine : Measures the level of creatinine, a waste product from muscle metabolism. Elevated levels may indicate impaired kidney function. Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) : Measures the amount of nitrogen in your blood from urea, another waste product. High levels can suggest kidney issues. Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR) : Calculated using serum creatinine, age, sex, and race. It estimates how well your kidneys are filtering blood. An eGFR below 60 may indicate kidney disease. 2. Urine Tests: Urinalysis : A dipstick test that checks for protein, blood, glucose, and other substances. Presence of protein (proteinuria) can indicate kidney damage. 24-Hour Urine Collection : Measures the total amount of waste products excreted in urine over 24 hours. This can help assess kidney function and detect kidney stones. 3. Imaging Tests: U...
Read more

Breast cancer

Image
  Breast cancer  Breast cancer is a disease where cells in the breast tissue grow uncontrollably. It can occur in both men and women, though it’s much more common in women. Here are some key points about breast cancer: Types: Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC) : The most common type, starting in the milk ducts and spreading to surrounding tissue. Invasive Lobular Carcinoma (ILC) : Begins in the lobules and can also spread. Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) : A non-invasive condition where abnormal cells are found in the ducts but haven't spread. Triple-negative Breast Cancer : Lacks three common receptors (estrogen, progesterone, and HER2) and can be more aggressive. Risk Factors: Gender : Women are at higher risk. Age : Risk increases with age. Family History : Genetics can play a role; BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations increase risk. Lifestyle Factors : Obesity, alcohol consumption, and lack of physical activity can contribute. Symptoms: A lump or mass in the breast or underarm. Cha...
Read more

Biochemistry plays in space exploration

  Biochemistry plays a critical role in space exploration by   helping to ensure the health and well-being of astronauts .   Space travel can have many negative effects on the human body, including: Bone and muscle loss Cardiovascular changes Weakened immune systems Hormonal imbalances Abnormal digestion and absorption Abnormal iron metabolism Ophthalmological issues   Biochemistry helps to develop strategies to counteract these effects. This includes:   Nutritional counter measures NASA's Nutritional & Biochemistry team develops and validates nutritional countermeasures to prevent or minimize the negative effects of spaceflight on the human body. For example, astronauts may need less iron during long-duration missions.   Understanding metabolic processes Understanding the impact of space travel on metabolic processes is vital for designing effective countermeasures.   Designing better equipment and technologies Understanding what happens...
Read more