In Vitro Fertilization (IVF)

 In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) is a type of assisted reproductive technology (ART) where an egg is fertilized with sperm outside the body.

IVF Process:

1. Ovulation Induction: Medications stimulate egg production.

2. Egg Retrieval: Eggs are collected through a minor surgical procedure.

3. Sperm Collection: Sperm sample is provided.

4. Fertilization: Eggs and sperm are combined in a laboratory dish.

5. Embryo Culture: Fertilized eggs (embryos) grow for 3-5 days.

6. Embryo Transfer: One or more embryos are transferred to the uterus.

Types of IVF:


1. Conventional IVF: Sperm fertilizes egg naturally.

2. Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI): Single sperm injected into egg.

3. Donor Egg IVF: Using donated eggs.

4. Donor Sperm IVF: Using donated sperm.

5. Surrogacy IVF: Using a surrogate mother.

Indications:

1. Infertility due to:

    - Blocked fallopian tubes

    - Low sperm count or poor motility

    - Endometriosis

    - Unexplained infertility

    - Same-sex couples or single women

2. Genetic disorders

3. Advanced maternal ageSuccess Rates:


1. Average IVF success rate: 40-50% per cycle

2. Factors affecting success:

    - Age

    - Egg quality

    - Sperm quality

    - Embryo quality

    - Number of embryos transferred




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